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博文
双语版·中国书画作品欣赏之我见——中国画（今译）七
热度 1 ||
七、 一点（今后的）思考
中国画艺术是东方文化宝库中的一颗璀灿明珠，古往今来，它一直在向前发展，犹如一条长河，虽有时狂暴湍急，有时滞流平缓，但从没发生断流，它一直在发展中 向前、向前，终于汇成今天这样一条浩浩荡荡的艺术大河，中国画的发展中凝聚了多少代画人探索奋斗的结晶，这需要每一位有志于中国画中求索的学人珍视的。
Seven, a little (future) thinking hope
Chinese art painting is the treasure house of Oriental Culture in a bright pearl, it has been in development from ancient to modern times, and like a long river, although sometimes violent rapids, sometimes stagnant gently, but never cutoff, it has been in the development of forward, forward, finally merged into today that a river of art go forward with great strength and vigour, development Chinese painting in the combination of the number of generations of painting people struggle to explore crystallization, which takes every interested in painting Chinese seeking people cherish.
中国画，无论什么时代，什么内容，山水，花鸟，人物，都离不开传统。因为离开传统就是“无根之花、无源之水”。 但是，中国画在“洋为中用，古为今用”过程中，越来越丧失民族特色。几年前，曾发生某画家的布幕国画被归类到油画展的事情，震惊了国画界……于是产生诸如“中国画末路穷途”、“笔墨等于零”等悲观论调。一位爱好中国画的以色列画家说，中国画应该是让我们喜欢中国画的人看起来还是中国画。传统的中国画以写意为主，擅长表现情感和意境，但在表现具体物象上较抽象。“把西方的造型观念融入到中国画中，提高中国画的表现范围和能力，是今天从事国画艺术的人所努力追求的。”中国美术协会中国画艺委会主任、花鸟画家郭怡宗认为，取长补短有利于中国画适应时代发展。但在发展过程中要防止中、西画界限越来越模糊。不少中国画与油画在构图、手法等方面有着惊人的相似，如果不被告知这是中国画，仅从模糊的幻灯片中判断，很自然地认为是油画。“这就是现今中国画面临的最大问题。”
Chinese painting, no matter what age, what content, landscapes, flowers and birds, characters, are inseparable from the traditional. Because leaving the tradition is "Flower without root, water without a source". However, the Chinese painting in the "make foreign serve China things adapt for Chinese, adapt ancient for [to] present-day use" process, the growing loss of national characteristics in. A few years ago, there was a painter of the screen painting is classified to the oil painting exhibition, shocked the Chinese painting circles...... The resulting pessimism such as "China painting driven into impasse", "pen and ink equals zero" and other an. A Chinese artist who likes Chinese painting says that Chinese painting should be the one that makes us like Chinese painting or Chinese painting. The traditional China painting with freehand brushwork mainly good at expressing emotion and mood, but in the performance of concrete than abstract images. "The western concept of shape into the Chinese painting, to improve the performance of Chinese painting and the ability to carry out the scope of today's people engaged in the art of Chinese painting is the pursuit of." Chinese Art Association Art Painting Chinese director, painter Guo Yizong that is conducive to learning from China paintings to the development of the times. But in the development process to prevent Chinese and Western painting boundaries increasingly blurred. Many Chinese paintings and oil paintings in the composition, techniques and other aspects have a striking similarity, if not informed that this is a Chinese painting, only from the judgment of the fuzzy slide, it is natural to think that oil painting. This is the biggest problem facing Chinese painting today."
美术评论家刘曦林不无忧虑地说。以中国画为代表的东方绘画和以油画为代表的西方绘画，都在各自的发展道路上创造了无数辉煌：但由于东西方在思维模式、哲学基础以及美学观念等方面的差异。 在绘画上的不同十分明显。例如，尽管在绘画之初，东西方都是用线条来描绘物象的，但在以后的发展中，西画的“块面”和中国画在线条的观念和使用上，有了巨大的差别： 西方绘画逐渐走上了科学写实的道路，而中国绘画则走上了写意的道路：线条在两个绘画体系内的地位和作用也有了显著的分野。著名学者彭吉象先生曾对中西绘画的差异作了如下的概括：“如果中国绘画尚意，那么西方绘画尚形；中国画重表现、重情感，西方绘画则重再现、重理性；中国绘画以线条作为主要造型手段，西方绘画则主要是由光和色来表现物象；中国绘画不受空间和时间的局限，西方绘画则严格遵守空间和时间的界限。总之，西方绘画注重再现与写实，同中国绘画注重表现与写意，形成鲜明差异”。
Art critic Liu Xilin said with great anxiety. To Chinese painting as the representative of the Oriental paintings and oil paintings as the representative of Western painting, all in their path of development has created countless brilliant, but because of differences in the mode of thinking, philosophical basis and aesthetic concepts, etc.. The difference in painting is very obvious. For example, although in the beginning of painting, East West lines are used to describe the images, but in the future development of Western painting of the "block face" concept and the use of China and painting in the lines, a huge difference: Western painting gradually embarked on the path of scientific realism, and Chinese painting on the freehand brushwork of the road: and two lines in the drawing system, the status of a significant distinction. Mr. Peng Jixiang was a famous scholar of Chinese and Western painting there are as follows: "if China Shangyi painting, Western painting is still shaped; Chinese drew heavy, heavy emotion, Western painting, reappearance, rational; China painting to modeling lines as the main means of Western painting is mainly composed of light and color show images; Chinese painting from the limitations of space and time, the boundaries of Western painting, strictly abide by the space and time. In a word, Western painting pays attention to representation and realism, and pays more attention to performance and freehand brushwork in Chinese painting".
中国画主要的特点是追求“诗情画意”——状物抒情与写实主义绘画的结合为基本创作风格，也是广大民众内心的审美追求，作者有感而发，受众由景入情，生动传神的细节刻画成为双方情感交流的信息载体。
（例如：顾绍骅创作的中国山水诗意画——《高士赴任图》
【赏析】高山仰止，瀑布飞泻；顶天立地，壁立千仞；初春时分，树木返青；朋友赴任，临别依依；……峻巍的山势造成动人心魄的效果，又仿佛从画面上“传出”飞瀑直下的轰鸣与寒风的掠过，交织在一起，使人感到自然造物之伟大。具有强烈的艺术感染力。
有诗为证：俯仰不能去，如逢旧友同。曾因春雪散，见在华山中。何处有明月，访君听远风。相将归未得，各占石岩东。｛俯视、仰望都不能去，如同和老朋友相会。曾经因为“春雪”（各自的生活）分开，现在又相见在（这人生高大而美丽的）华山中。何处有明月？今天到访你这里，是因为你行善积德，好的名声传播，我才来此地拜访。相信将来“衣锦还乡”的时候，不会两手空空，因为你现在就占领着牢不可破的石岩东面（东面是方位第一。中国吉祥语有“紫气东来、东风浩荡、东床佳婿、东道主”等等）。｝（唐朝·于邺的《友人亭松》诗意）此画采用以墨为主（墨分五色——焦、浓重、淡、清），“浅绛设色”、背面衬染的画法，因此有“不伤笔墨”古朴、高雅的等特点。136×34cm 纸本设色 2007年作）
China painting the main feature is the pursuit of "- like Lyric with a quality suggestive of poetry or painting" realism painting and the basic creative style, aesthetic pursuit, but also the majority of the people inside the feeling, the audience from the king into the affection, vivid details become the information carrier of both emotional exchange.
For example: Gu Shaohua's creation of Chinese Landscape Poetry -- "A man learning go to one's post picture"
[as] one stops looking up of at a peak, Waterfall Flying flow diarrhea stand upright on one's two; legs between heaven and earth of spirit stand bolt - indomitable, upright - a precipice At the beginning of; spring The trees turn green His friends go to one's; post hard, to depart/detach from each other;...... The Dangerously steep caused by the effect of passing thunder sound strike a deep chord, and wind seemed from the picture of "break out" of the waterfalls, interweave together, make people feel great natural creation. Have a strong artistic appeal.
There is poem to the point:Look down, Look up, can not go, like old friends and meet in. Because once the "spring snow" (their lives) from now (which meet in life is tall and beautiful) in Huashan. Where is the moon? Here you visit today, because you do good things, good reputation spread, I came here to visit. I believe the future "homecoming", not because you are left with nothing whatsoever, occupying the Shiyan East (East is too strong to break the first round. Chinese auspicious words have "The purple comes from the East (a propitious omen, The East blows mighty powe with, My eligible son-in-law, host," and so on) in. } (The Tang Dynasty, Yu Ye "friend Pavilion Pine" Poetry)
This painting with ink (colored ink, coke, heavy, light and clear), "Pale ochre fill in colours on a sketch", in the paper the lining into the back of the painting, it is "No occlusion pen and ink blot" simple and unsophisticated, elegant and in good taste etc..
136 x 34cm paper colors in 2007)
“状物妙在似与不似之间；太似则媚俗，不似则欺世。（描绘景物最巧妙是在于形象准确与形象模糊之间；形象太准确则似工匠做事，死板、没有发挥胸臆和抒情的余地、不浪漫，形象不准确，则是在欺骗世人。）”这是一代宗师白石老人的感悟，也是中华民族的审美意趣所在。
Describe the objects: the likeness and unlikeness; too much like kitsch, not like the world. (the picture is the most ingenious and accurate image of image blur between image; too accurate like craftsmen work, rigid, there is no Develop thoughts or will feelings deep in one's heart and the lyric room, not romantic, the image is not accurate, it is cheating.)" This is the master Qi Baishi of Perception and experience, but also the aesthetic interest of the Chinese nation.
中国画和油画的区别主要有以下几点；
（1）中国画出现的时间早于油画，仅就成型的绘画作品来说，中国画是在东晋时期（约公元304-589年）成型的，油画的成型至少要到中世纪的文艺复兴时期。
（2）中国画历史遥追数千年,为中华传统艺术之瑰宝。中国画最大的特点是：诗、书、画、印（四位一体的形式）作品构成以及画作本身就富含中华文化的底蕴，是别于西方绘画艺术的最大特点；中国画是集文学、艺术为一体的结晶、瑰宝；因此，油画是没得比的。
（3）中国画采取的是散点透视法，油画采取的是焦点透视法，所以中国画可以画出大范围的人物风景画（如清明上河图）而油画不能，油画能画出物体强烈的质感效果而中国画不能。
（4）中国画一般不采用重彩，颜色的种类较少，油画的色彩程度很重，使用的颜色也很多。
（5）中国画很重视装裱，油画对此基本忽略。
（6）中国画一般都结合私人的书法衿章与题字，而油画基本没有。
（7）中国画发展过程中，流派相对固定且分化不大，油画发展过程中流派众多且分歧也大。
The main difference between Chinese painting and oil painting is the following;
(1) Chinese painting predates the painting, forming the only paintings, Chinese painting is in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (304-589 AD) molding, painting the molding at least to the medieval renaissance.
(2) the history of Chinese painting is thousands of years old, which is the treasure of Chinese traditional art. The biggest feature is: China painting poetry, calligraphy, painting, seal the "four in one" works and a painting itself is rich in the heritage of Chinese culture, is a characteristic different from western painting art; Chinese painting is a collection of literature, art as one of the crystallization of gems; therefore, the painting is not ratio.
(3) Chinese painting is taken by the Scatter Perspective method, Western painting focus Perspective method is adopted, so Chinese painting can draw a large scale across the city, the landscape painting figures (such as Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival however Oil Painting cannot Like this); Western painting can draw however texture object strongly Chinese Painting cannot Like this.
(4) China paintings are generally not used color, color type less, the color degree of Western painting is very heavy, the use of the color of a lot.
(5) China painting attaches great importance to mounting, Western painting has basically ignored.
(6) China paintings are generally a combination of private and ZhangJin calligraphy inscriptions, and basically no Western painting.
(7) the development process of China painting, schools relatively fixed and not divide, in the development process of Western painting and many schools have big differences.
本应是东西方并行的两大画派——西方的油画、东方的中国画并驾齐驱；但如今的结果是：一个是“营养过剩”（油画），而另一个是严重的“营养缺乏”。这些是因为东西方所存在的文化背景、人文习惯、经济发达与否等诸多因素的影响所至；所以造成了国际社会对西方绘画——油画的宠爱倍致，对东方绘画——中国画的很大的漠视。而这种“漠视”会将导致一个我们十分不愿意看到的结果——“适者生存”。也许现在或不久的将来中国画会“变异”；它将“变异”为艺术价值低廉、没有笔墨、没有诗情画意、没有“三远”（没有中国画特性）的，在外界的压力下所派生出来的“畸形儿”——只有怪异的色彩、块面和特殊技法（材料）所表现的肌理效果；即所谓“创新的中国画”。 因此，我在此恳请：发达国家爱好艺术（特别是爱好东方艺术）的团体或朋友们，请你们为保护世界艺术宝库中的一棵绚丽夺目的奇葩——中国画，而进自己的一份力吧！
This should be the two major East West School of painting -- Western and Eastern Oil Painting racing together bridle to bridle Chinese painting;; but now is the result: a "nutritional excess" (Oil Painting), while the other is a serious "lack of nutrition". These are the things that exist because of cultural background, cultural habits, economic development or not, and many other factors caused by the international community; so the love of Western painting - Oil Painting times, the Oriental painting - China painting great indifference. This "ignore" we will lead to a very reluctant to see the results - "survival of the fittest". Maybe now or in the near future Chinese painting "variation"; it will "skin" for the artistic value is low, no ink, no poetic Chinese painting, not the "three far" (without the characteristics of China painting), in the outside world under the pressure of the derived "deformed" - only strange colors, block and special techniques (materials) by the performance of the texture effect; the so-called "innovation of China painting". Therefore, I urge this: developed countries interested in Art (especially Oriental Art loving) groups or friends and ask you for a color radiance dazzle to protect the treasure in the art world of the wonderful flowers - Chinese painting, contribute to a force of its own!
另外：要想让中国画真正能受到世界各国人民的喜爱，就必须把中国书画“学习、培训”班办到世界各国去；而今，随着中国文化的国际交流，中国文化体制的改革，中国文化艺术的瑰宝——中国书画将越来越受到世界各国人民的了解与喜爱，中国书画“学习、培训”班办到世界各国去的梦想即将成为现实；也只有当世界各国喜爱艺术的人们通过学习、了解并懂得欣赏中国书画作品艺术的“真谛”才能去喜爱、保护中国书画的健康发展；相信到那时中、西方绘画价格的差距才能有所改善。我们期盼那一天能早日到来！（全文完）
In addition to make Chinese painting really loved by people around the world, we must take Chinese painting "learning and training" classes around the world to do so; and now, with the development of international exchanges China culture, cultural system reform Chinese, China culture art treasures - Chinese calligraphy and painting will be more and more People all over the world understanding and love, China painting "learning and training" classes around the world to do so the dream will become reality; only when people around the world love art through learning, understanding and appreciation of calligraphy and painting art China "True meaning" to love and protect the healthy development of Chinese painting; then believe in Western painting, the price difference will be improved. We hope that the day will come soon! (full text end)
注：本文参考的文献：1、《中国绘画史》潘天寿著 ；2、《中国书画鉴赏辞典》；3、《中国画色彩学》；4、《中国书画报》；5、《国画家》；6、《翰园书画报》；7、《中国书画艺术报》香港版。8、《中国画往何处去 许群 》；9、《论当代中国画的发展方向与画家的自我追求》等
顾绍骅作于2003年10月（2017年3月修改、增补图片）
Note: This paper reference literature: 1, "Chinese painting history" by Pan Tianshou; 2, "China painting appreciation dictionary"; 3, "China painting color"; 4, "Chinese painting & Calligraphy"; 5, "artist of traditional Chinese painting"; 6, "Painting and Calligraphy Cultural talent newspaper"; 7, "Chinese painting & calligraphy art newspaper" Hongkong edition. 8, "Where does Chinese painting go author Xu Qun"; 9, "on the development direction of contemporary Chinese painting and the painter's self pursuit", etc.
Gu Shaohua made in October 2003 (revised in Supplementary picture March 2017)
作者介绍：顾绍骅 男 、一九六三年五月二十二日生 、 籍贯： 四川省巴县人(武汉市出生)、砚池书画社社长、湖北省书画研究会理事、台北故宫书画院客座教授与名誉院长、中国诗书画出版社副社长、中国书法国画研究会中国书画导师、“中国书画学会副主席、中国民族艺术家协会副会长、中国兰亭书画院副院长、世界教科文卫组织专家成员、“中国书画艺术百杰”。2013年4月1日，被聘为北京国艺粹宝书画院“终身名誉院长”，2013年5月10日，被中国现代文艺学会聘为“中国现代文艺学会艺委会艺术总监”，2013年5月，被中国文化学会、文化人物杂志社、中国航天文化艺术中心等组成的“中国艺术飞天奖评选委员会”授予“中国艺术飞天奖杰出贡献人物”荣誉称号。2013年5月，被中国国际艺术网聘为“执行副主席”，2014年四月，代表作品入选央视华人频道《华人艺术家》http://www.hrtv.cn/zt/gushaohua/ ，2014年十月，代表作品入编《中华人民共和国年鉴》（2014卷），被中国人民艺术博物馆聘为“副馆长”，被世界文艺家联合会、英国皇家艺术研究院联合授予“世界文化名人、2014·中英艺术交流形象大使”的荣誉称号。2016年6月，“顾绍骅的诗情画意、顾氏破体书法”等，被中国文化信息协会主编的《追梦中国-科教文卫卷》收入；并推荐入编了“国家名片” 庆祝中国共产党成立95周年《时代先锋》纪念邮票； http://bbs1.people.com.cn/post/23/1/2/158231014.html 7月被中国艺术院、政协书画院联合授予“十大殿堂级艺术家”荣誉，并被政协书画院聘为“名誉院长”，2017年3月，顾绍骅被授予“2017世界最美艺术大师”称号。http://sns.91ddcc.com/t/135734
Author introduction: Gu Shaohua, male, born twenty-two May, 1963 from Sichuan province county (born in Wuhan city), Inkstone society of calligraphy and painting Hubei province president, director of painting and Calligraphy Research Association, guest professor of Taipei Academy of painting and calligraphy and the Imperial Palace honorary president, vice president of China poem calligraphy press, Chinese painting tutor Chinese calligraphy Chinese Painting Research Association. Vice chairman of Chinese art society, vice president of China National Artists Association, vice president of Lanting Pavilion China painting, expert member of UNESCO, "Chinese painting and calligraphy arts 100".In April 1, 2013, Beijing National art treasure Academy of painting and calligraphy was appointed as "honorary Dean, May 10, 2013, was hired as the" Chinese modern literary society Chinese modern literary society art art director ", May 2013, by heart China culture society, cultural figures magazine, China space culture and art composition" China art prize selection committee awarded the "flying" China the art of flying Award for outstanding contribution award of the honorary title. By May 2013, Chinese international art network hired as executive vice president, April 2014, on behalf of the Chinese channel of CCTV "selected works of Chinese artists" http://www.hrtv.cn/zt/gushaohua/ , October 2014, representative works for the "People's Republic of China Yearbook" (2014 volumes), was Chinese people appointed deputy director of the art museum ", by the World Federation of literature and art, the royal the Art Research Institute jointly awarded the" world cultural celebrities, 2014 - British art exchange ambassador "honorary title. In June 2016, "Gu Shaohua poetic Chinese painting, Gu's broken body of calligraphy", is China Cultural Information Association editor of the "dream Chinese - Science Volume" income; and recommend the "national name card" for the celebration of the 95 anniversary of the establishment of the Communist Party of Chinese "pioneer era" commemorative stamps; http://bbs1.people.com.cn/post/23/1/2/158231014.html July by Chinese academy, the CPPCC painting and Calligraphy Institute jointly awarded the "ten hall artist" honor, and was appointed "honorary CPPCC painting academy dean, March 2017, Gu Shaohua was awarded the title of" 2017 of the world's most beautiful art master ".http://sns.91ddcc.com/t/135734 Do the works of calligraphy and painting "poetic Chinese painting, division of ancient and not learn it; in pen and ink and the use of color has its own characteristics, Liu Dawei, Shen Peng, Shi Guoliang had been waiting for the teacher praise. Gu Shaohua's poetic painting Chinese website http://www.gushaohua.com/
【备注】
[note]
1、依据1990年9月颁布并于2001年10月修正的《中华人民共和国著作权法》和其他已颁行的有关知识产权的法律规定：顾绍骅对本文享有原创的著作权，违者必究。
According to the September 1990 promulgated in October 2001 and revised "People's Republic of China copyright law" and other enactment of the relevant intellectual property law: Gu Shaohua in this text, enjoy Original copyright,rights reserved.
2、本文用过的汉英词语：
the Chinese and English words:
托物言志： Use the shape of the object to express ambition
胸臆： thoughts or feelings deep in one's heart
笔墨功夫：Pen and ink culture Kungfu
笔墨文化：pen and ink culture
相映生辉：Mutual confrontation glorify
题画诗：poems inscribed on paintings
诗画相得益彰：Poetry and Chinese painting complement each other complement each other
曲径通幽：The winding path leads to a secluded quiet place
笔墨境象：The cultural environment of Writing brush and ink
意在笔先：work out the plot before putting pen to paper
画尽意在：Chinese painting finished Significance in
外师造化：The study of nature
中得心源：Get your own knowledge
画外之意：Beyond painting Significance
情景交融：Is a fusion of feelings with the natural setting
借景抒情：take advantage of a scene to express one's emotion
毛笔：Writing brush
妙在似与不似之间：Be Subtle by Artistically Depicted to be Both Real and Unreal
卷舒取舍：Roll up and unfold，Admission and renunciation
曲尽蹈虚揖影之妙：Best song and dance, seize the wonderful virtual shadow
学无常师：A learner has no need of a constant teacher
举头忽看不似画：raise the head Suddenly look no like painting
借物抒情：Use images Express emotion
深山藏古寺：the Old Temple The mountains hide
增广贤文：To the general public Behave oneself Canonical essay
皴与擦：Chapped and wipe
存形莫善于画：Performance shape The best way is to draw
欲左先右：Towards the left before right
欲上先下：towards upper First down
没骨画：painting without outline but with forms achieved by washes of ink and color
少施墨晕：Less application Ink Light color Fuzzy part
气足血旺：qi of middle-jiao energy adequate Blood flourishing
日照香炉生紫烟：Sunshine censer living purple smoke
朝辞白帝彩云间： Leave the white Emperor city in the morning when bright clouds surrounded
千里莺啼绿映红：Thousands of miles south of the Yangtze River, The peach trees were in bloom and the willows were turning green
窗含西岭千秋雪：From the window to see Xiling the snow.
苍山如海残阳如血：Deep green hills, endless like the sea;Sunset, the setting sun like blood
兰竹：Orchid and bamboo
各领风骚：each The leading position
水墨：Chinese Ink
笔墨精神：The spirit of pen and ink
道生一，一生二，二生三，三生万物：Taoist school Give birth to a theory,One begets Two，Two begets Three，Three begets all things.
负阴抱阳：Negative yin-yang hold
艺术意蕴：Artistic implication
象外之象：Image outside image
景外之景：Scenery beyond scenery
韵外之致：poems other than charm
味外之旨：beyond taste purpose
心灵：Heart soul
无根之花：Flower without root
无源之水：water without a source
洋为中用：make foreign things serve China; adapt foreign things for Chinese
古为今用：adapt ancient forms for [to] present-day use
中国画末路穷途：China painting be driven into an impasse
高山仰止：as one stops looking up at a peak
瀑布飞泻：Waterfall Flying flow diarrhea
顶天立地： stand upright on one's two legs between heaven and earth -- of indomitable spirit;
临别依依：hard to depart/detach from each other
紫气东来：The purple air comes from the East -- a propitious omen
东风浩荡：The east wind blows with mighty powe
东床佳婿：My eligible son-in-law
感悟：Perception and experience
散点透视法：Scatter Perspective method
焦点透视法：focus Perspective method
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