The Population mental health science: Guiding principles and initial agenda

——《美国心理师》2024年第79卷第6期——

<American Psychologist> Volume 79, Issue 6, 2024

【摘要】最近举行的美国心理学会峰会紧急呼吁将心理科学和实践从单纯的个人层面转向对人口层面的健康和心理健康影响负责。以人口为中心可确保所有儿童、青少年和成年人的心理健康，并消除群体之间的不平等。科学必须指导这一转变的三个要素。首先，必须利用实施科学的原则将有效的个人层面干预措施扩大到人口层面，投资于新的干预措施交付系统（例如，在线、移动应用程序、文本、交互式语音响应和基于机器学习的系统），利用不同提供者的力量，并形成文化适应性。其次，必须创新和测试政策驱动的社区层面干预措施，例如促进体育活动的公共努力、支持早期家庭的公共政策以及对学校体罚的监管。第三，需要进行转型，以家庭联系、三P、促进学校-社区-大学伙伴关系以增强适应力、关爱社区和匹兹堡早期儿童研究合作等模式为基础，建立一个新的心理健康全民初级保健系统。这个新系统必须包含有效的测量、普遍筛查和以社区为基础的服务交付基础设施。解决未来的任务，包括科学创造力和发现、严格评估和社区问责制，将导致制定一项全面的战略计划，以塑造公共心理健康的新兴领域。

【关键词】预防；干预；规模化；人口心理健康；公共政策

[Abstract] A recent American Psychological Association Summit provided an urgent call to transform psychological science and practice away from a solely individual-level focus to become accountable for population-level impact on health and mental health. A population focus ensures the mental health of all children, adolescents, and adults and the elimination of inequities across groups. Science must guide three components of this transformation. First, effective individual-level interventions must be scaled up to the population level using principles from implementation science, investing in novel intervention delivery systems (e.g., online, mobile application, text, interactive voice response, and machine learning-based), harnessing the strength of diverse providers, and forging culturally informed adaptations. Second, policy-driven community-level interventions must be innovated and tested, such as public efforts to promote physical activity, public policies to support families in early life, and regulation of corporal punishment in schools. Third, transformation is needed to create a new system of universal primary care for mental health, based on models such as Family Connects, Triple P, PROmoting School-community-university Partnerships to Enhance Resilience, Communities That Care, and the Early Childhood Collaborative of the Pittsburgh Study. This new system must incorporate valid measurement, universal screening, and a community-based infrastructure for service delivery. Addressing tasks ahead, including scientific creativity and discovery, rigorous evaluation, and community accountability, will lead to a comprehensive strategic plan to shape the emergent field of public mental health.

[Key words] prevention; intervention; scaling; population mental health; public policy

论文原文：Dodge, K. A., Prinstein, M. J., Evans, A. C., Ahuvia, I. L., Alvarez, K., Beidas, R. S., Brown, A. J., Cuijpers, P., Denton, E.-g., Hoagwood, K. E., Johnson, C., Kazdin, A. E., McDanal, R., Metzger, I. W., Rowley, S. N., Schleider, J., & Shaw, D. S. (2024). Population mental health science: Guiding principles and initial agenda. American Psychologist, 79(6), 805–823. September 2024.

https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001334

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