儿童和青少年性教育中关于年龄的政治观点

The politics of age in sex and sexuality education for children and young people

——原载《性教育》2024年第24卷第5期——

<Sex Education>, Volume 24, Issue 5, 2024

【提要】儿童和青少年接受性教育的机会经常会引发争议和紧张。近年来，随着公众对儿童和青少年认为哪些知识适合接受的辩论和道德恐慌日益增多（媒体常常对此加以煽动），这种教育的争议性也愈演愈烈。适合性主要基于对年龄适宜性、感知风险以及与童年和性有关的文化价值观的看法。尽管年龄通常被认为是一个通用的、数字的和客观的类别，但它对于性教育中教授的内容、教授方式、教授时间和教授者至关重要。

保守派政客在全球范围内抵制将性别和性取向多样性纳入性教育以及学校课程的其他领域，导致对这些主题进行严格的监管和审查。这种反对很大程度上源于人们认为儿童和青少年的性别和性取向多样性威胁着社会秩序。此外，由此产生的审查制度与毫无根据的恐惧有关，人们认为儿童和年轻人容易受到“社会传染”的影响，并且很容易受到性别流动性暗示的影响（以及其他问题）。社会传染被认为反映了越来越多的儿童和年轻人自认为是跨性别者、非二元性别者或性别多元化者。

[Summary] Children’s and young people’s access to sex and sexuality education has frequently met with controversy and tension. The controversial nature of this education has intensified in recent years with increasing public debate and moral panic, often fuelled by the media, about what is perceived to be suitable knowledge for children and young people. Suitability is primarily based on perceptions of age appropriateness, perceived risks and cultural values related to childhood and sexuality. Age, despite often being considered a generic, numerical, and objective category, is pivotal to what is taught in sex and sexuality education, how it is taught, when it is taught, and who teaches it.

Global resistance by conservative politicians to the inclusion of gender and sexuality diversity in sex and sexuality education, and other areas of school curricula, has resulted in strict regulations and censorship of these topics. This opposition largely stems from ideas of gender and sexuality diversity in relation to children and young people as threatening the social order. Furthermore, the resulting censorship is related to unfounded fears associated with children’s and young people’s perceived vulnerability to “social contagion” and their being easily influenced by suggestions of gender fluidity (amongst other issues). Social contagion is considered to reflect the increased number of children and young people identifying as trans, non-binary or gender diverse.

论文原文：Kerry H. Robinson, Jenny Bengtsson & The Global Childhoods: Sexuality, Gender and Age Network (2024). The politics of age in sex and sexuality education for children and young people. Sex Education. Volume 24, Issue 5, Pages 579-584. September 2024.

https://doi.org/10.1080/14681811.2024.2369408

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