让非正规城市社区的年轻人行使性健康和生殖健康权利：一项基于实践的研究

Enabling Young People from Informal Urban Communities to Exercise Their Right to Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Practice-Based Study

——原载《青少年研究杂志》2024年第39卷第2期——

<Journal of Adolescent Research>, Volume 39, Issue 2, 2024

【摘要】这项定性研究探讨了全面的性教育如何融入更广泛的积极青年发展方法中，从而促进印度非正式城市社区年轻人的转变。通过对从年轻人、他们的父母和一线工作者那里获得的数据进行主题分析，发现该计划能够获得家庭的合作，因为性和生殖健康教育不是一项独立的干预措施，而是旨在提高年轻人能力的更大方法的一部分。性和生殖健康交流的战略性引入帮助参与者克服了对该主题的抑制。参与性和生殖健康教育后，对性别、青春期变化、基于性别的暴力和儿童性侵害的认识得到了增强。决策能力的提高体现在决策、批判性思维、自信、流动性和表达能力上，尤其是在女孩中。通过青年的参与，计划干预措施增强了父母和社区的性和生殖健康意识，改善了卫生服务和设施。年轻人的这种贡献增强了他们的知识和技能，增强了行动能力，巩固了家庭和社区的支持。因此，采用积极的青年发展方法的整体计划，似乎是促进弱势城市社区年轻人进行全面性教育的实用工具。

【关键词】年轻人，城市弱势群体，全面性教育，积极的青年发展，印度

[Abstract] This qualitative study explores how comprehensive sexuality education located within a broader positive youth development approach informed transformations among young people from informal urban communities in India. A thematic analysis of data obtained from the young people, their parents, and frontline workers revealed that securing the cooperation of families was possible for the program because sexual and reproductive health education was not a stand-alone intervention, but a part of a larger approach seeking to build capacities of young people. The strategic introduction of sexual and reproductive health communication helped the participants to overcome inhibitions about the topic. Enhanced awareness of gender, pubertal changes, gender-based violence, and child sexual abuse was evidenced post participation. Improved agency was manifest through decision making, critical thinking, confidence, mobility, and articulation, especially among girls. Program interventions to enhance sexual and reproductive health awareness of parents and communities and to improve health services and facilities were bolstered through youth engagement. Such contribution by the young reinforced their knowledge and skills, strengthened agency, and cemented family and community support. A holistic program situated within the positive youth development approach thus seemed a pragmatic vehicle to promote comprehensive sexuality education for young people in vulnerable urban communities.

[Key words] young people, vulnerable urban communities, comprehensive sexuality education, positive youth development, India

论文原文：Vinita Ajgaonkar, Rama Shyam, Nikhat Shaikh, Sheetal Rajan, Neeta Karandikar, and Anuja Jayaraman (2024). Enabling Young People from Informal Urban Communities to Exercise Their Right to Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Practice-Based Study. Journal of Adolescent Research, Volume 39, Issue 2, Pages 461–486.

https://doi.org/10.1177/07435584221091780

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