神经多样性青少年和青年人的恋爱关系和性教育体验的广泛视角

Broad Perspectives of the Experience of Romantic Relationships and Sexual Education in Neurodivergent Adolescents and Young Adults

——原载《性与残疾》2024年第42卷第2期——

<Sexuality and Disability>, Volume 42, Issue 2, 2024

【摘要】神经多样性年轻人往往难以建立和维持恋爱关系。尽管如此，他们似乎缺乏适当的性教育。本综述旨在介绍和讨论关于自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）、注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和ASD与ADHD同时发生的年轻人的恋爱关系和性教育的最新文献（2015年至今）。本综述使用了六个基于互联网的书目数据库，遵循系统评价和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目。本综述确定了31项研究。26项研究调查了自闭症年轻人群体中的这一主题。四项研究定性地探讨了年轻人对他们恋爱关系经历的看法，11项研究定量地探讨了年轻人对他们恋爱关系经历的看法。一项研究定性地探讨了年轻人对性教育的看法，三项研究定量地探讨了年轻人对性教育的看法。一项研究定性地、五项定量地探讨了年轻人的恋爱关系经历，两项研究从照顾者的角度定性地、三项定量地探讨了性教育。五项研究（均为定量、自我报告）调查了患有ADHD的年轻人群体的恋爱关系经历。文献中没有从教育专业人士的角度对该主题进行的研究。关于ASD与ADHD共病人群的该主题的文献也不存在。据研究人员所知，这是第一篇探讨三组神经发散年轻人（患有ASD、ADHD和ASD与ADHD共病）恋爱关系和性教育的评论。

【关键词】自闭症谱系障碍；自闭症；注意力缺陷多动障碍；ASD与ADHD共病；恋爱关系；性教育；英国

[Abstract] Neurodivergent young people tend to struggle with building and maintaining their romantic relationships. Despite this, there appears to be a lack of appropriate sexuality education delivered to them. This review aims to present and discuss the most current literature (conducted between 2015 and current) on romantic relationships and sexuality education in young people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and ASD co-occurring with ADHD. Six internet-based bibliographic databases were used for the present review that followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Thirty-one studies were identified in this review. Twenty-six studies investigated the topic in the autistic young population. Four studies explored qualitatively and 11 quantitatively young people’s perspectives of their romantic relationship experiences. One study investigated qualitatively and three quantitatively young people’s perspectives on sexuality education. One study explored qualitatively and five quantitatively young people’s romantic relationship experiences and two explored qualitatively and three quantitatively sexuality education from caregivers’ perspectives. Five studies (all quantitative, self-reports) investigated romantic relationship experiences in the young population with ADHD. The studies conducted on the topic from the educational professionals’ perspectives were absent in the literature. The literature was also non-existent on the topic in the population with ASD co-occurring with ADHD. To the researchers’ knowledge, this is the first review exploring romantic relationships and sexuality education in three groups of neurodivergent young people (with ASD, ADHD, and ASD co-occurring with ADHD).

[Key words] Autism spectrum disorder; Autistic; Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder; ASD co-occurring with ADHD; Romantic relationships; Sexuality education; The United Kingdom

论文原文：Magdalena Smusz, Clare S. Allely & Amy Bidgood (2024). Broad Perspectives of the Experience of Romantic Relationships and Sexual Education in Neurodivergent Adolescents and Young Adults. Sexuality and Disability, Volume 42, Issue 2, Pages 459–499, (2024). Published: 12 April 2024.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11195-024-09840-3

（需要英文原文的朋友，请联系微信：iacmsp）