自我同情、性格正念和情绪调节在老年人家庭照顾者心理健康中的作用

The Role of Self-Compassion, Dispositional Mindfulness, and Emotion Regulation in the Psychological Health of Family Carers of Older Adults

<Clinical Gerontologist>, Volume 47, Issue 2, 2024

【摘要】目的：本研究探讨了同情心和性格正念在老年人家庭照顾者心理健康中的作用，并测试了情绪调节困难和适应性应对策略的潜在中介作用。方法：2019年7月至12月期间，141名65岁或以上患有慢性病的成年人的家庭照顾者完成了一项横断面调查。该调查包括自我报告量表，用于衡量：自我同情、对他人的同情、来自他人的同情、性格正念、抑郁、焦虑、压力、以情绪和问题为中心的应对策略以及情绪调节困难。结果：路径分析发现，自我同情的增加和性格正念的增加与较低的心理困扰有关，而这是通过情绪调节困难的减少来介导的。该模型拟合度极佳，解释了64.8%的心理困扰方差和52.2%的情绪调节困难方差。结论：自我同情和性格正念可能有助于缓解老年人家庭照顾者的心理困扰，而适应性情绪调节是改变这些关系的重要机制。临床意义：旨在培养自我同情和正念的干预措施在临床上可能有助于通过促进适应性情绪调节来减少老年人家庭护理人员的心理困扰。

【关键词】痴呆；抑郁；焦虑；压力；照顾；路径分析

[Abstract] Objectives: This study explored the role of compassion and dispositional mindfulness in the psychological health of family carers of older adults and tested for potential mediating effects of emotion regulation difficulties and adaptive coping strategies. Methods: A sample of 141 family carers of adults aged 65 years or older with chronic conditions completed a cross-sectional survey between July – December 2019. The survey included self-report scales that measured: self-compassion, compassion for others, compassion from others, dispositional mindfulness, depression, anxiety, stress, emotion- and problem-focused coping strategies, and difficulties in emotion regulation. Results: Path analyses found that increased self-compassion and increased dispositional mindfulness was associated with lower psychological distress, and that this was mediated by reduced difficulties in emotion regulation. The model had excellent fit, explaining 64.8% of the variance in psychological distress, and 52.2% of the variance in emotion regulation difficulties. Conclusions: Self-compassion and dispositional mindfulness may help buffer the psychological distress of family carers of older adults, and adaptive emotion regulation is an important mechanism of change in these relationships. Clinical Implications: Interventions that aim to cultivate self-compassion and mindfulness could be clinically useful in reducing psychological distress within populations of family carers of older adults by promoting adaptive emotion regulation.

[Key words] Dementia; depression; anxiety; stress; caregiving; path analysis

论文原文：Jenny Murfield, Wendy Moyle, Analise O’Donovan,  & Robert S. Ware (2024). The Role of Self-Compassion, Dispositional Mindfulness, and Emotion Regulation in the Psychological Health of Family Carers of Older Adults. Clinical Gerontologist, Volume 47, Issue 2, Pages 316-328.

https://doi.org/10.1080/07317115.2020.1846650

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