人生目标与抑郁和焦虑之间的关系：荟萃分析

The relationship between purpose in life and depression and anxiety: A meta-analysis

<Journal of Clinical Psychology> 79 (12), 2023

【摘要】人生目标包括对自己的活动有意义和有目标的感觉，以及对生活有意义的整体感觉。这项研究报告了对人生目标与抑郁和焦虑之间关系的全面评估。一项荟萃分析（总计n = 66,468，总k = 99）调查了人生目标与抑郁和焦虑的关联。在样本中，更大的人生目标与较低的抑郁和焦虑水平显著相关。人生目标和抑郁之间的平均加权效应大小为r = −0.49，[95% 置信区间，CI：-0.52，-0.45]，p < 0.001。对于人生和焦虑的目标，平均加权效应大小为r = −0.36，[95% CI：-0.40，-0.32]，p < 0.001。对于临床人群来说，人生目标与心理健康的关联性更强，尤其是与焦虑的关系。 接近缺陷和回避动机都被认为在目的和精神病理学之间的关系中发挥着作用，更大的目标可能会限制回避倾向并减少抑郁和焦虑的影响。了解人生目标在抑郁和焦虑中可能发挥的作用可能有助于了解这些疾病的当前概念并改善治疗结果。

【关键词】焦虑、抑郁、荟萃分析、人生目标

[Abstract] Purpose in life consists of having a sense of meaning and purpose regarding one's activities as well as an overall sense that life is meaningful. This study reports a comprehensive assessment of the relationship of purpose in life with depression and anxiety. A meta-analysis (total n = 66,468, total k = 99) investigated the association of purpose in life with depression and anxiety. Across samples, greater purpose in life was significantly associated with lower levels of depression and anxiety. The mean weighted effect size between purpose in life and depression was r = −0.49, [95% confidence intervals, CIs: −0.52, −0.45], p < 0.001. For the purpose in life and anxiety the mean weighted effect size was r = −0.36, [95% CIs: −0.40, −0.32], p < 0.001. The association of purpose in life with mental health was stronger for clinical populations, especially with regard to the relationship with anxiety. Both approach deficits and avoidance motivation are argued to play a role in the relationship between purpose and psychopathology, with greater purpose potentially limiting avoidance tendencies and reducing the effects of depression and anxiety. Understanding the role that purpose in life may play in depression and anxiety could help to inform current conceptualizations of these disorders and improve treatment outcomes.

[Key words] anxiety, depression, meta‐analysis, purpose in life

论文原文：Ian D. Boreham, Nicola S. Schutte (2023). The relationship between purpose in life and depression and anxiety: A meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 79 (12): 2736-2767.

https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23576

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