【摘要】2016年，基础研究被强制进行变革，包括将性别作为生物变量。这一政策变化是由于缺乏对雌性动物进行的研究。这导致用于药物开发的受试者的性别与随后的临床试验中参与者的性别不匹配，阻碍了新疗法的转化成功，尤其是情绪障碍的治疗。虽然现在很明显存在性别差异，但该领域需要进入性别差异研究的下一个前沿。我们需要开始探索这些性别差异存在的原因和方式。它们的作用是什么？我们如何利用这些信息来开发针对精神疾病的新型针对性别的治疗方法？这篇综述将讨论我们从使用性别作为生物变量中学到的东西，以及我们如何利用这些数据来更好地理解和治疗基于性别的心理健康差异。

[Abstract] In 2016, changes were mandated for basic research, including using sex as a biological variable. This policy change was due to the lack of research performed in female animals. This resulted in a mismatch between the sex of the subjects being used for drug development and the sex of the participants in subsequent clinical trials hampering the translational success of novel therapeutics, especially treatments for mood disorders. While it is now clear that sex differences exist, the field needs to move to the next frontier in sex-difference research. We need to start exploring why and how these sex differences exist. What are their functions? How do we harness this information to develop novel sex-specific treatments for mental illness? This Review will address what we have learned from using sex as a biological variable and how we can utilize these data to better understand and treat sex-based disparities in mental health.

论文原文：Georgia E. Hodes & Dawson R. Kropp (2023). Sex as a biological variable in stress and mood disorder research. Nature Mental Health, 1 (7): 453–461.

 https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-023-00083-3

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