【摘要】会话人工智能 (CAI) 在心理治疗领域提供了许多机会，例如为有心理健康问题且无法获得护理的人提供治疗支持。CAI的采用带来了许多风险，需要进行深入的道德审查。本文的目的是通过提出对CAI采用的整体、伦理和认知分析来补充当前关于人工智能在心理健康方面的伦理学研究。首先，我们关注CAI到底是工具还是代理的问题。这个问题作为后续CAI伦理分析的框架，重点关注（自我）知识、（自我）理解和关系等主题。其次，我们提出了关于人机交互的进一步概念和伦理分析，并认为CAI不能像人类治疗师那样被视为对话中的平等伙伴。相反，CAI在对话中的作用应仅限于特定功能。

【关键词】 人工智能，心理治疗，代理，治疗联盟，伦理

[Abstract] Conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) presents many opportunities in the psychotherapeutic landscape—such as therapeutic support for people with mental health problems and without access to care. The adoption of CAI poses many risks that need in-depth ethical scrutiny. The objective of this paper is to complement current research on the ethics of AI for mental health by proposing a holistic, ethical, and epistemic analysis of CAI adoption. First, we focus on the question of whether CAI is rather a tool or an agent. This question serves as a framework for the subsequent ethical analysis of CAI focusing on topics of (self-) knowledge, (self-)understanding, and relationships. Second, we propose further conceptual and ethical analysis regarding human-AI interaction and argue that CAI cannot be considered as an equal partner in a conversation as is the case with a human therapist. Instead, CAI’s role in a conversation should be restricted to specific functions.

[Key words] Artificial intelligence, psychotherapy, agency, therapeutic alliance, ethics

论文原文：Jana Sedlakova & Manuel Trachsel (2023). Conversational Artificial Intelligence in Psychotherapy: A New Therapeutic Tool or Agent? The American Journal of Bioethics, 23 (5): 4-13.

https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2022.2048739

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