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育儿假对父母心理健康的影响：系统评价

已有 373 次阅读2023-1-29 18:52 |个人分类:心理学、心理健康、心理咨询|系统分类:家庭生活分享到微信

育儿假对父母心理健康的影响：系统评价

The effect of parental leave on parents’ mental health: a systematic review

——原载《柳叶刀-公共卫生》2023年第8卷第1期——

<The Lancet Public Health> 2023, Volume 8 (1)

【摘要】产后心理健康障碍是一种常见病，但育儿假可能有助于通过预防或减轻压力来缓解症状。我们旨在总结有关不同类型育儿假对父母心理健康结果影响的现有证据。对于本系统评价，我们搜索了从数据库创建到2022年8月29日的Ovid MEDLINE、Web of Science、PsycINFO、CINAHL 和Scopus，以查找用英语撰写的经过同行评审的定量研究。如果接触是产后育儿假，我们就纳入了研究；存在相关的比较组（例如，带薪休假与无薪休假）；以及是否在分娩后的任何时间对父母任何一方的一般心理健康相关指标进行了评估或记录，包括抑郁、焦虑、压力和自杀。该评论已在PROSPERO注册（注册号CRD42021227499）。在筛选的3441份记录中，有45项研究进行了叙述性综合。研究是在高收入国家进行的，他们通过育儿假 (n=5)、福利金额 (n=13) 和休假时间 (n=31) 来检查慷慨程度。38项研究为中等或高质量。在拥有更慷慨的育儿假政策（即休假期限和带薪与无薪假）的女性（本评论中称为母亲）中，普遍观察到心理健康得到改善。例如，延长休假时间通常与降低产妇心理健康状况不佳的风险有关，包括抑郁症状、心理困扰和倦怠，以及较低的心理保健吸收率。然而，父亲休假与父亲心理健康结果之间的关联尚无定论，因为使用育儿假对伴侣心理健康的间接影响也是如此。

[Abstract] Mental health disorders during the post-partum period are a common morbidity, but parental leave might help alleviate symptoms by preventing or reducing stress. We aim to summarise available evidence on the effect of different types of parental leave on mental health outcomes among parents. For this systematic review, we searched Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus from database inception to Aug 29, 2022, for peer-reviewed, quantitative studies written in English. We included studies if the exposure was postnatal parental leave; a relevant comparison group was present (eg, paid vs unpaid leave); and if indicators related to general mental health, including depression, anxiety, stress, and suicide, for either parent were evaluated or recorded at any time after childbirth. The Review is registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42021227499). Of the 3441 records screened, 45 studies were narratively synthesised. Studies were done in high-income countries, and they examined generosity by any parental leave (n=5), benefit amount (n=13), and leave duration (n=31). 38 studies were of medium or high quality. Improved mental health was generally observed among women (referred to as mothers in this Review) with more generous parental leave policies (ie, leave duration and paid vs unpaid leave). For example, increased duration of leave was generally associated with reduced risk of poor maternal mental health, including depressive symptoms, psychological distress and burnout, and lower mental health-care uptake. However, the association between fathers’ leave and paternal mental health outcomes was less conclusive as was the indirect effect of parental leave use on partners’ mental health.

论文原文：Amy Heshmati, Helena Honkaniemi, Sol P. Juárez (2023). The effect of parental leave on parents’ mental health: a systematic review. The Lancet - Public Health. 8 (1): 57-75.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00311-5

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