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黑人成年人的主要歧视、焦虑症状和心理保健利用的替代经历 ... ...

已有 330 次阅读2023-1-23 19:50 |个人分类:心理学、心理健康、心理咨询|系统分类:科技教育分享到微信

黑人成年人的主要歧视、焦虑症状和心理保健利用的替代经历

Vicarious experiences of major discrimination, anxiety symptoms, and mental health care utilization among Black Adults

——原载《社会科学与医学》2023年1月第316卷——

<Social Science & Medicine> Volume 316, January 2023

【摘要】背景：有据可查的是，歧视对黑人成年人造成的不良心理健康后果，例如焦虑症状。先前的研究将焦虑确定为黑人成年人健康状况不佳的风险因素。然而，大多数歧视和心理健康研究都集中在个人经历歧视的影响上。此外，在检查替代暴露于歧视的心理健康影响的研究中，很少有人从童年和青春期生命阶段以外的压力和应对角度调查这种关系。因此，本研究的目的是评估替代和个人歧视经历对黑人成年人主观幸福感的影响，同时观察利用心理保健的潜在调节作用。方法：从纳什维尔压力与健康研究中抽取了年龄在 22-69 岁之间的黑人成年人 (N = 627) 的子样本，并进行了分析以评估组内差异。采用多元线性回归来检查主要歧视的替代经历与自我报告的焦虑症状之间的关联。此外，我们还评估了终生使用心理健康服务对歧视与焦虑症状之间关系的调节作用。结果：调查结果显示，重大歧视的替代经历和日常歧视的个人经历都与参与者中更高水平的焦虑症状有关。此外，终生使用精神保健减轻了替代和个人歧视经历的影响。结论：在评估与种族主义相关的压力体验时，必须考虑歧视的二手后果。这项调查的结果表明，心理健康治疗应包括在旨在减少黑人成年人歧视的负面影响的计划中。此外，应考虑针对特定文化的策略来解决与种族主义相关的逆境。

【关键词】重大歧视的替代经历；与种族主义有关的压力；黑人成年人；焦虑症状；心理保健

[Abstract] Background: The adverse mental health consequences of discrimination among Black adults, such as anxiety symptoms, are well documented. Prior research establishes anxiety as a risk factor for suboptimal health outcomes among Black adults. Most discrimination and mental health studies, however, have focused on the effects of personal experiences of discrimination. Moreover, of the studies that examine the mental health effects of vicarious exposure to discrimination, few investigate this relationship from a stress and coping perspective beyond the life stages of childhood and adolescence. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of vicarious and personal experiences of discrimination on the subjective well-being of Black adults, while observing the potentially moderating effects of utilizing mental health care. Methods:A subsample of Black adults (N = 627) between the ages of 22–69 years old were drawn from the Nashville Stress and Health Study and analyzed to assess within-group variation. Multivariate linear regression was employed to examine the association between vicarious experiences of major discrimination and self-reported anxiety symptoms. Additionally, we evaluated the moderating effects of lifetime utilization of mental health services on the relationship between discrimination and symptoms of anxiety. Results: Findings revealed that vicarious experiences of major discrimination and personal experiences of everyday discrimination were both associated with higher levels of anxiety symptoms among the participants. Additionally, lifetime utilization of mental health care moderated the effects of vicarious and personal experiences of discrimination. Conclusions: The secondhand consequences of discrimination must be considered while assessing the racism-related stress experience. Results from this investigation suggest that mental health treatment should be included in programs targeted to reduce the negative effects of discrimination among Black adults. Additionally, culturally-specific strategies should be considered for addressing racism-related adversity.

[Key words] Vicarious experiences of major discrimination; Racism-related stress; Black adults; Anxiety symptoms; Mental health care

论文原文：Myles D. Moody, Wesley R. Browning, Monir Hossain, Olivio J. Clay (2023). Vicarious experiences of major discrimination, anxiety symptoms, and mental health care utilization among Black Adults. Social Science & Medicine, Volume 316, January 2023.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114997

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