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影响中低收入国家将全面性教育纳入教育体系的因素：一项系统评价 ... ...

已有 363 次阅读2022-11-17 16:28 |个人分类:性学、性健康、性教育|系统分类:科技教育分享到微信

影响中低收入国家将全面性教育纳入教育体系的因素：一项系统评价

Factors influencing the integration of comprehensive sexuality education into educational systems in low- and middle-income countries: A Systematic Review

——原载《生殖健康》2022年9月第19卷——

<Reproductive Health> Volume 19, September 2022

【摘要】背景：全面性教育 (CSE) 在促进青少年的性健康和生殖健康及福祉方面发挥着关键作用。然而，对于影响将全面性教育纳入教育计划的推动因素和障碍知之甚少。本综述的目的是探讨影响将全面性教育纳入低收入和中等收入国家的国家课程和教育系统的积极和消极因素。方法：我们进行了系统的文献回顾（2010年1月至2022年8月）。结果符合系统评价的首选报告项目和系统评价的Meta分析标准。从 PubMed、Cochrane、Google Scholar 和 Web of Hinari 数据库中检索数据。搜索产生了442篇出版物，其中34篇符合全文筛选的纳入标准。该审查以已建立的概念框架为指导，该框架将卫生创新纳入卫生系统。使用主题综合方法分析数据。结果：少女怀孕率高、早婚和性传播感染等性健康和生殖健康挑战证明了问题的严重性。意识到这些挑战可以促进干预措施的制定以及CSE的实施和整合。报告的干预措施方面包括核心CSE内容、授课方法、培训材料和资源，以及各种教师培训因素。采用的原因包括全面性教育的好处、教师和学习者的经验和特征，以及宗教、社会和文化因素。广泛的系统特征包括加强学校与卫生机构之间的联系、学校与社区的协作、CSE实施的协调以及CSE的监测和评估。最终，资源的可用性、国家政策和法律、国际议程和政治承诺将影响一体化的程度和水平。结论：社会、经济、文化、政治、法律和金融背景因素影响CSE的实施和融入国家课程和教育系统。利益相关者在干预措施的设计和适当性方面的协作和参与至关重要。

【关键词】全面性教育，性生殖，健康，权利，因素，整合，合作

[Abstract] Background: Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) plays a critical role in promoting youth and adolescent's sexual and reproductive health and wellbeing. However, little is known about the enablers and barriers affecting the integration of CSE into educational programmes. The aim of this review is to explore positive and negative factors influencing the integration of CSE into national curricula and educational systems in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review (January 2010 to August 2022). The results accord with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis standards for systematic reviews. Data were retrieved from the PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Web of Hinari databases. The search yielded 442 publications, of which 34 met the inclusion criteria for full-text screening. The review is guided by an established conceptual framework that incorporates the integration of health innovations into health systems. Data were analysed using a thematic synthesis approach. Results: The magnitude of the problem is evidenced by sexual and reproductive health challenges such as high teenage pregnancies, early marriages, and sexually transmitted infections. Awareness of these challenges can facilitate the development of interventions and the implementation and integration of CSE. Reported aspects of the interventions include core CSE content, delivery methods, training materials and resources, and various teacher-training factors. Reasons for adoption include perceived benefits of CSE, experiences and characteristics of both teachers and learners, and religious, social and cultural factors. Broad system characteristics include strengthening links between schools and health facilities, school and community-based collaboration, coordination of CSE implementation, and the monitoring and evaluation of CSE. Ultimately, the availability of resources, national policies and laws, international agendas, and political commitment will impact upon the extent and level of integration. Conclusion: Social, economic, cultural, political, legal, and financial contextual factors influence the implementation and integration of CSE into national curricula and educational systems. Stakeholder collaboration and involvement in the design and appropriateness of interventions is critical.

[Key words] Comprehensive sexuality education, Sexual reproductive, Health, And rights, Factors, Integration, Collaboration

论文原文：Malizgani Paul Chavula, Joseph Mumba Zulu & Anna-Karin Hurtig (2022). Factors influencing the integration of comprehensive sexuality education into educational systems in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review. Reproductive Health, Volume 19, September 2022. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-022-01504-9

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