性别表征暗示硬科学和软科学的标签
Gender representation cues labels of hard and soft sciences
——原载《实验社会心理学杂志》2022年第98卷——
<Journal of Experimental Social Psychology>, 2022, 98
【摘要】虽然在过去的几十年里，女性在科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）领域的表征有所增加，但某些领域的女性参与度比其他领域要大得多。在本研究中，我们探讨了女性参与STEM学科如何影响将这些学科标记为硬科学与软科学。研究 1 发现，增加女性对STEM学科的参与度增加了参与者将其标记为软科学的可能性。研究 2 发现，在不从事科学工作的人中，这种将女性参与与软科学联系起来的趋势与对女性STEM能力的刻板印象的认可相关。研究3A和3B表明，将学科标记为软科学会导致这些领域贬值，被认为不那么严格，也不值得联邦资助。这些研究表明，对女性STEM能力的刻板印象会影响对女性参与领域的看法，从而影响人们对科学学科的看法。【关键词】 性别刻板印象、STEM（科学、技术、工程和数学）、性别差距、硬科学和软科学
[Abstract] While women's representation in STEM fields has increased over the past several decades, some fields have seen a greater increase women's participation than others. In the present research, we explore how women's participation in STEM disciplines influences labeling of those disciplines as hard vs. soft sciences. Study 1 found that increasing perceived participation of women in a STEM discipline increased the likelihood that participants would label it a soft science. Study 2 found that among people who did not work in science, this tendency to associate women's participation with soft science was correlated with endorsement of stereotypes about women's STEM competency. And Studies 3A and 3B showed that labeling disciplines as soft sciences led to the fields being devalued, deemed less rigorous, and less worthy of federal funding. These studies show that stereotypes about women's STEM competency can impact perceptions of fields in which women participate, with consequences for how scientific disciplines are perceived. [Key words] Gender stereotypes, STEM, Gender gaps, Hard and soft sciences
本中文解析是针对论文《性别表征暗示着硬科学和软科学的标签（Gender representation cues labels of hard and soft sciences）》的一篇论文解析， 该论文发表于《实验社会心理学杂志（JESP）》2022年第98卷。该研究作者包括美国（费城）科技大学行为与社会科学系的
Alysson E. Light，美国
印第安纳大学心理与脑科学系的
Tessa M. Benson-Greenwald和Amanda B. Diekman。
（中文解析请阅《华人性健康报》2022年7月28日PDF版）
论文原文：Alysson E. Light, Tessa M. Benson-Greenwald, Amanda B. Diekman (2022). Gender representation cues labels of hard and soft sciences. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 98.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2021.104234
（需要英文原文的朋友，请联系微信：millerdeng95）
