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重视辉煌促进了男子气概—竞争文化
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重视辉煌促进了男子气概—竞争文化
An Emphasis on Brilliance Fosters Masculinity-Contest Cultures
——原载美国《心理科学》杂志2022年第33卷第4期——
<Psychological Science>, 2022, 33 (4)
【关键词】才华横溢、冒名顶替情绪、性别刻板印象、男子气概-竞争文化、归属感、开放数据、开放材料、预注册
[Abstract] Women are underrepresented in fields in which success is believed to require brilliance, but the reasons for this pattern are poorly understood. We investigated perceptions of a “masculinity-contest culture,” an organizational environment of ruthless competition, as a key mechanism whereby a perceived emphasis on brilliance discourages female participation. Across three preregistered correlational and experimental studies involving adult lay participants online (N=870) and academics from more than 30 disciplines (N=1,347), we found a positive association between the perception that a field or an organization values brilliance and the perception that this field or organization is characterized by a masculinity-contest culture. This association was particularly strong among women. In turn, perceiving a masculinity-contest culture predicted lower interest and sense of belonging as well as stronger impostor feelings. Experimentally reducing the perception of a masculinity-contest culture eliminated gender gaps in interest and belonging in a brilliance-oriented organization, suggesting possible avenues for intervention.
[Key words] brilliance, impostor feelings, gender stereotypes, masculinity-contest culture, sense of belonging, open data, open materials, preregistered
论文原文：Andrea C. Vial, Melis Muradoglu, George E. Newman, Andrei Cimpian (2022). An Emphasis on Brilliance Fosters Masculinity-Contest Cultures. Psychological Science, 33(4), 595–612.
https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976211044133
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