COVID-19大流行对儿童和青少年的心理健康影响——系统评价
Mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and youth – a systematic review
—原载英国《儿童和青少年心理健康》杂志2022年第27卷第2期—
<Child & Adolescent Mental Health>2022, 27 (2)
【摘要】背景：COVID-19大流行对全球心理健康构成了前所未有的威胁。儿童和青少年可能更容易受到与其脆弱的发育阶段、对感染的恐惧、居家禁闭、停课和课外活动、保持身体距离的要求以及更大规模的威胁（如全球金融衰退和相关影响）相关的心理健康影响。我们的目的是审查COVID-19大流行对19岁以下儿童和青少年心理健康的全球影响的现有证据，并确定可能增加与心理健康结果相关的风险或提供保护的个人和背景因素。方法：我们对2020年1月1日至2021年2月22日期间以英语发表的经同行评审和预印本研究进行了搜索。我们纳入了收集有关COVID-19相关心理健康对儿童和青少年影响的原始数据的研究。我们使用牛津循证医学中心评级方案对纳入文章的强度进行评级。结果：我们的搜索和审查产生了116篇论文，提供了总共127,923名儿童和青少年的数据；50,984份儿童和青少年代理报告（例如，父母、医疗保健从业人员）；和>3,000条图表评论。与大流行前的估计相比，儿童和青少年中与COVID-19相关的恐惧普遍存在，并且抑郁和焦虑症状更为严重。年龄较大的青少年、女孩以及患有神经多样性和/或慢性身体状况的儿童和青少年更有可能经历负面的心理健康结果。许多研究报告称，由于COVID-19大流行控制措施，儿童和青少年的心理健康状况恶化。体育锻炼、娱乐、积极的家庭关系和社会支持与更好的心理健康结果相关。结论：这篇综述强调了从业者和政策制定者迫切需要关注儿童和青少年，尤其是高风险亚组的儿童和青少年并与之合作，以减轻与流行病相关的短期和长期心理健康影响。【关键词】心理健康；青春期；焦虑；抑郁；复原力
[Abstract] Background:The COVID-19 pandemic has posed an unprecedented threat to global mental health. Children and adolescents may be more susceptible to mental health impacts related to their vulnerable developmental stage, fear of infection, home confinement, suspension of regular school and extracurricular activities, physical distancing mandates, and larger scale threats such as global financial recessions and associated impacts. Our objective was to review existing evidence of the COVID-19 pandemic’s global impact on the mental health of children and adolescents <19 years of age and to identify personal and contextual factors that may enhance risk or confer protection in relation to mental health outcomes. Methods: We conducted a search of peer-reviewed and preprint research published in English from January 1, 2020, to February 22, 2021. We included studies collecting primary data on COVID-19-related mental health impacts on children and adolescents. We graded the strength of included articles using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine rating scheme. Results: Our search and review yielded 116 articles presenting data on a total of 127,923 children and adolescents; 50,984 child and adolescent proxy reports (e.g., parents, healthcare practitioners); and >3,000 chart reviews. A high prevalence of COVID-19-related fear was noted among children and adolescents, as well as more depressive and anxious symptoms compared with prepandemic estimates. Older adolescents, girls, and children and adolescents living with neurodiversities and/or chronic physical conditions were more likely to experience negative mental health outcomes. Many studies reported mental health deterioration among children and adolescents due to COVID-19 pandemic control measures. Physical exercise, access to entertainment, positive familial relationships, and social support were associated with better mental health outcomes. Conclusions:This review highlights the urgent need for practitioners and policymakers to attend to and collaborate with children and adolescents, especially those in higher risk subgroups, to mitigate short- and long-term pandemic-associated mental health effects. [Key words] Mental health; adolescence; anxiety; depression; resilience
论文原文: Hasina Samji, Judy Wu, Amilya Ladak, Caralyn Vossen, Evelyn Stewart, Naomi Dove, David Long, Gaelen Snell (2022). Mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and youth – a systematic review. Child & Adolescent Mental Health, 27 (2): 173-189.https://doi.org/10.1111/camh.12501
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