儿童期遭受虐待后的青少年PTSD患者的心理意象：与匹配的健康对照组的比较

Mental imagery in adolescent PTSD patients after child abuse: a comparison with matched healthy controls

——原载《BMC精神病学》杂志2022年第22卷64号——

<BMC Psychiatry>2022，22: 64

【摘要】背景：侵入性心理意象 (MI) 在成人创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的维持中起着至关重要的作用。关于患有PTSD的青少年的MI特征的证据很少。本研究的目的是彻底评估在经历儿童期性虐待和/或儿童期身体虐待 (CA) 后患有PTSD的青少年样本中的MI。方法：32 名在CA后初步诊断为PTSD的青少年和32名没有任何精神障碍且没有CA病史的青少年，年龄和性别相匹配，完成了评估阴性和阳性MI特征的问卷，以及受伤和受伤的图像。导致积极情绪的死亡（ID-图像）。结果：与对照组相比，PTSD组报告的负性MI明显更频繁、更生动、更令人痛苦和更强烈地与自传相关联。尽管两组中都高度存在阳性MI（PTSD：65.6%；对照组：71.9%），但在阳性MI的不同特征方面，两组之间没有显着差异。ID图像的频率在两组之间没有显着差异（PTSD：21.9%；对照组：9.4%），尽管ID图像在PTSD组中更生动。结论：负性MI似乎对青少年PTSD至关重要，而正性MI在PTSD和对照组中都出乎意料地常见。正性MI的作用以及ID图像的作用仍不清楚。应制定针对患有PTSD的青少年的发展挑战量身定制的改变负性MI的具体干预措施。

【关键词】 创伤后应激障碍，负性心理意象，正性​心理意象，童年虐待，青春期，童年

[Abstract]Background: Intrusive mental imagery (MI) plays a crucial role in the maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults. Evidence on the characteristics of MI in adolescents suffering from PTSD is sparse. The aim of this study was to thoroughly assess MI in an adolescent sample suffering from PTSD after the experience of childhood sexual abuse and/or childhood physical abuse (CA). Methods: Thirty-two adolescents with a primary diagnosis of PTSD after CA and 32 adolescents without any mental disorder and without a history of CA, matched for age and gender, completed questionnaires assessing the characteristics of negative and positive MI, as well as images of injury and death that lead to positive emotions (ID-images). Results: The PTSD group reported significantly more frequent, more vivid, more distressing and more strongly autobiographically linked negative MI compared to the control group. Although positive MI was highly present in both groups(PTSD: 65.6%; controls: 71.9%), no significant differences emerged between the two groups regarding the distinct characteristics of positive MI. The frequency of the ID-images did not significantly differ between the two groups (PTSD:21.9%; controls: 9.4%), although the ID-images were more vivid in the PTSD group. Discussion: Negative MI appears to be crucial in adolescent PTSD, whilst positive MI are unexpectedly common in both the PTSD and the control group. The role of positive MI as well as that of ID-images remain unclear. Specific interventions for changing negative MI that are tailored to the developmental challenges in adolescents with PTSD should be developed.

[Key words]PTSD, Negative mental images, Positive mental images, Childhood abuse, Adolescence, Childhood

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论文原文：ReginaSteil, Anne Fischer, Jana Gutermann & Rita Rosner (2022). Mental imagery in adolescent PTSD patients after child abuse: a comparison with matched healthy controls, BMC Psychiatry, 22 : 64

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-03706-8