得到的不一定是想要的——波兰年轻人对性教育的看法

What One Gets is Not Always What One Wants

—Young Adults’ Perception of Sexuality Education in Poland

—原载《国际环境研究与公共卫生杂志》2022年第19卷第3期—

<International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health>, 2022, 19 (3)

【摘要】教育需求与获得有关青春期性行为的可靠知识的机会之间存在着差异。本研究旨在评估家庭和学校在塑造这些知识方面的联合影响。方法：数据是在2017年（18-26岁；N=595）在波兰进行的一项横断面调查中回顾性收集的。考虑了受访者在学校性教育（SE）的存在和质量方面的经历以及与父母就相关问题进行的对话。结果：在所有受访者中，31.1%的人在学校没有性教育课程或将其评为无用，41.5%的人从未与父母讨论过与性有关的话题，17.6%的人有上述两种评价。与父母讨论青春期和避孕的频率最高，而性快感和手淫的讨论频率最低。与父母讨论的话题的多样性以及与母亲讨论的可能性被证明是塑造青少年知识的最重要因素。还揭示了女孩与学校性教育质量的关系，而男孩则揭示了与父亲交谈的关系。结论：学校和家庭应共同努力，通过满足青少年在人类性知识领域的需求来加强适当的性发展。

【关键词】青少年；性欲; 性教育；性健康；父母; 性别分析；波兰

[Abstract] There is a discrepancy between the educational needs and the opportunities to obtain reliable knowledge about sexuality in adolescence. This study aimed to assess the conjunctive influence of family and school in shaping this knowledge. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively within a cross-sectional survey conducted in Poland in 2017 (18–26 yrs; N = 595). The respondents’ experiences in terms of the presence and quality of sexuality education (SE) at school and in conversations with parents about related issues were considered. Results: Of all the respondents, 31.1% had no sexuality education classes in school or rated them as useless, 41.5% never discussed sexuality-related topics with parents and both were true for 17.6%. Puberty and contraception were most frequently discussed with parents, while sexual pleasure and masturbation were discussed least frequently. The diversity of topics taken up with parents and the possibility of discussions with mothers turned out to be the most important factors for shaping adolescents’ knowledge. A relationship with the quality of sexuality education at school was additionally revealed for girls, while a relationship with talking to fathers was revealed for boys. Conclusions: Schools and families should work together to strengthen proper sexual development by meeting adolescents’ needs in the field of their knowledge on human sexuality. 

[Key words] adolescents; sexuality; sexuality education; sexual health; parents; gender analysis; Poland

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论文原文：Zbigniew Izdebski, Joanna Dec-Pietrowska, Alicja Kozakiewicz and Joanna Mazur (2022). What One Gets Is Not Always What One Wants—Young Adults’ Perception of Sexuality Education in Poland. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 (3): 1366. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031366