认识到新冠肺炎对穷人的影响改变了人们对贫困和不平等的态度

 Recognizing the impact of COVID-19 on the poor alters attitudes towards poverty and inequality

——原载《实验社会心理学杂志》2021年3月第93卷——

<Journal of Experimental Social Psychology> 2021, 93

【摘要】2020年初在全球蔓延的新型冠状病毒引发了全球大流行和经济衰退，几乎影响了所有人。然而，这场危机对穷人产生了不成比例的影响，并揭示了工人阶级个人的财务安全很容易被个人无法控制的因素所破坏。在2019年4月至2020年5月对美国人（N=233）进行的一项预先登记的纵向研究中，我们测试了大流行是否改变了人们对贫困是由外部力量和内部倾向造成的程度以及对经济不平等的支持的看法。在这段时间里，参与者揭示了他们对贫困的归因发生了转变，报告称贫困受外部环境原因的影响更大，而受内部性格原因的影响较小。然而，我们没有发现反对不平等或支持政府干预的整体平均水平变化。相反，只有那些最强烈认识到COVID-19负面影响的人才能将贫困归因的变化转化为对不平等的支持减少，并增加对政府干预以帮助穷人的支持。

【关键词】Covid-19； 道德化； 人力成本； 道德愤怒； 工具性伤害； 思想

[Abstract] The novel Coronavirus that spread around the world in early 2020 triggered a global pandemic and economic downturn that affected nearly everyone. Yet the crisis had a disproportionate impact on the poor and revealed how easily working-class individuals' financial security can be destabilised by factors beyond persona control. In a pre-registered longitudinal study of Americans (N = 233) spanning April 2019 to May 2020, we tested whether the pandemic altered beliefs about the extent to which poverty is caused by external forces and internal dispositions and support for economic inequality. Over this timespan, participants revealed a shift in their attributions for poverty, reporting that poverty is more strongly impacted by external-situational causes and less by internal-dispositional causes. However, we did not detect an overall mean-level change in opposition to inequality or support for government intervention. Instead, only for those who most strongly recognized the negative impact of COVID-19 did changes in poverty attributions translate to decreased support for inequality, and increased support for government intervention to help the poor.

[Key words] Covid-19;Moralization; Human cost; Moral outrage; Instrumental harm; Ideology

这篇文章是针对论文《认识到新冠肺炎对穷人的影响改变了人们对贫困和不平等的态度》（Recognizing the impact of COVID-19 on the poor alters attitudes towards poverty and inequality）的一篇中文论文解析，该论文于2021年3月发表于《实验社会心理学杂志》（Journal of Experimental Social Psychology）第93卷上，研究者包括美国伊利诺伊大学的Dylan Wiwad, Brett Mercier, Paul K. Piff, Azim Shariff和Lara B. Aknin。

（中文论文解析见《华人心理健康报》2021年9月28日PDF版）

论文原文：Wiwad, D., Mercier,B., Piff, P. K., Shariff, A., & Aknin, L. B. (2021). Recognizing the impact of COVID-19 on the poor alters attitudes towards poverty and inequality. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 93, 104084.