青少年日常社交媒体使用与友谊亲密度的关系

Social media use and friendship closeness in adolescents' daily lives

原文载美国《发展心理学》杂志2021年第57卷第2期

<Developmental psychology>,2021，57(2)

【摘要】亲密友谊的形成和维持是青春期一项重要的发展任务。为了深入了解可能是青少年中期友谊亲密度发展的实时过程，这项预先注册的经验抽样研究（ESM）调查了社交媒体使用对友谊亲密度的影响。该研究在来自不同教育领域（44%的初级职业中等教育、31%的普通中等教育、26%的学术预备教育）的387名青少年（54%女孩；平均年龄=14.11岁；96%荷兰籍）中进行。青少年报告了前一小时在照片墙（Instagram）、WhatsApp和色拉布（Snapchat）上的使用情况，每天六次，持续 3 周，以及他们对友谊亲密的瞬间体验（126 次评估；34,930 次观察）。多层次分析显示，人与人之间的友谊亲密关系与一般WhatsApp使用和Instagram与亲密朋友的使用具有积极的关联。相比之下，在个人层面，我们发现一般WhatsApp使用和Instagram 使用（有和没有密友）与友谊亲密程度之间存在小的负面整体关联。然而，社交媒体使用与友谊亲密的个人内部关联的特定于个人的效应大小存在很大的异质性。例如，Instagram使用与亲密朋友之间的关联的特定于个人的效应大小范围从β=-.745到β=.697。这些结果强调了在发展和媒体效应理论中承认个体效应的重要性。

【关键词】青春期，动态评估，友谊质量，社交网站使用（SNS使用），个体差异

[Abstract] The formation and maintenance of friendship closeness is an important developmental task in adolescence. To obtain insight in real-time processes that may underly the development of friendship closeness in middle adolescence, this preregistered experience sampling study [ESM] investigated the effects of social media use on friendship closeness. The study was conducted among 387adolescents (54% girls; Mage = 14.11 years; 96% Dutch) from different educational tracks (44% lower prevocational secondary education, 31% intermediate general secondary education, 26% academic preparatory education). Adolescents reported six times per day for 3 weeks on their Instagram, WhatsApp, and Snapchat use in the previous hour and their momentary experiences of friendship closeness (126 assessments; 34,930 observations). Multilevel analyses revealed positive between-person associations of friendship closeness with general WhatsApp use and Instagram use with close friends. In contrast, at the within-person level, we found small negative overall associations of general WhatsApp use and Instagram use (with and without close friends) with friendship closeness. However, there was large heterogeneity in the person-specific effect sizes of the within-person associations of social media use with friendship closeness. For example, person-specific effect sizes of the association of Instagram use with close friends with friendship closeness ranged from β = −.745 to β = .697. These results underline the importance of acknowledging person-specific effects in developmental and media effect theories.

[Key words] adolescence, ambulatory assessment, friendship quality, social network site use (SNS use), individual differences

本文是针对论文《青少年日常社交媒体使用与友谊亲密度的关系：一项经验取样法研究 (Social Media Use and Friendship Closeness in Adolescents Daily Lives: An Experience Sampling Study) 》的一篇论文解析，该论文于2021年2月发表于美国《发展心理学 （Developmental Psychology）》杂志第57卷第2期上。该研究作者包括荷兰阿姆斯特丹大学的J.Loes Pouwels，Patti M. Valkenburg，Ine Beyens和Loes Keijsers.

论文原文：Pouwels, J. L., Valkenburg, P. M., Beyens, I.,van Driel, I. I., & Keijsers, L. (2021). Social media use and friendship closeness in adolescents' daily lives: An experience sampling study. Developmental psychology, 57(2), 309–323. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001148

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