当帮助带来伤害：卫生保健工作者中的COVID-19关键事件参与和资源消耗

When helping hurts: COVID-19 critical incident involvement and resource depletion in health care workers

【摘要】专注于帮助他人通常是值得称赞的，尤其是在医学领域。但是在一个流行病的背景下，当卫生保健专业人员面临着增加的风险、损失和创伤时，这种专注可能是有害的。在这项研究中，作者试图（a）检查COVID-19大流行期间密切相关的医护人员是否经历了负面的心理和情绪结果，（b）研究在危机情境中，帮助相关因素(亲社会动机和亲社会影响感知)是否会加剧和缓和负面结果的关系。利用在COVID-19大流行之前和流行期间从医生和护士收集的数据，作者研究了COVID-19大流行应对的参与强度与情绪衰竭和抑郁之间的关系，以及亲社会动机和亲社会影响感知的调节作用。本文收集了三个时间点的数据（T1和T2为大流行前期，T3为COVID-19期间），在T1/T2收集亲社会动机和对照，在大流行期间收集预测因子和结果。作者发现，参与的强度确实与工作中的情绪衰竭有关，更高的亲社会动机加剧了这种关系。补充分析表明，参与的自我维度暴露与情绪耗竭和抑郁呈正相关。理解亲社会动机和亲社会影响在管理监管资源方面的作用对卫生危机应对一线的卫生保健工作者具有重要影响，因为这些资源是管理相关创伤所必需的。 

[Abstract] A focus on helping others is generally lauded, particularly in medicine, but in the context of a pandemic when health care professionals are facing increased risk, loss, and trauma, this focus can potentially be detrimental. In this study, we sought to(a) examine if health care workers intensely involved in the coronavirus 2019(COVID-19) pandemic are experiencing negative psychological and emotional outcomes, and (b) investigate if helping related factors (prosocial motivation and perceived prosocial impact) exacerbate and mitigate relationships to negative outcomes in a crisis situation. Using data collected from doctors and nurses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, we examine the relationship between intensity of involvement in the COVID-19 pandemic response and emotional exhaustion and depression, as well as the moderating effects of prosocial motivation and perceived prosocial impact. Data was collected at three time points (T1 and T2 per-panemic, and T3 during COVID-19), with prosocial motivation and controls collected at T1/T2 and predictors and outcomes collected during the pandemic. We find that intensity of involvement does associate with emotional exhaustion at work and that higher prosocialmotivation exacerbates this relationship. Supplemental analyses suggest that the exposure to self-dimension of involvement is positively associated with emotional exhaustion and depression. Understanding the roles of prosocia lmotivation and prosocial impact in managing regulatory resources has important ramifications for health care workers on the front lines of health crises responses, as these resources are necessary to manage the associated trauma.

论文原文：Caldas, M. P., Ostermeier, K., & Cooper, D. (2021). When helping hurts: COVID-19 critical incident involvement and resource depletion in health care workers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 106(1). 29-47. DOI: 10.1037/apl0000850