COVID-19重症监护病房内的关键活动如何增加护士的日常职业使命感

How critical activities within COVID-19 intensive care units increase nurses' daily occupational calling

【摘要】在正常和可预测的情况下，员工的职业使命感（即利用自身天赋与能力产生积极社会影响的巨大热情，以及在选定的职业领域工作产生的意义感）相对稳定。然而，随着COVID-19大流行的开始，情况已经变得非常不正常和不可预测了，这就考验了员工的职业使命感。在这项研究中，作者调查了职业使命感在危机情景下随日期变化的波动，并确定了这种波动的前因后果。为了验证本文的模型，作者对武汉一家专科医院的66名护士进行了一项每日日记研究，这些护士连续5个工作日在重症监护室工作，该医院在中国COVID-19大流行高峰期只收治确诊的患者。作者发现，每日蓝色代码事件（即心肺复苏努力，以病人康复为主要目标）的数量与护士的日常职业使命感呈正相关。此外，亲社会动机的个体差异预测了5天内职业使命感的平均水平和变异性，进而与护士的工作绩效相关。本研究揭示了职业使命感是如何使具备所需职业知识和技能的人在危机情况下有效地发挥作用的。

[Abstact] During normal and predictable circumstances, employees’ occupational calling (i.e., a transcendent passion to use their talent and competencies toward positive societal impact and a sense of meaningfulness derived from working in a chosen occupational domain) is observed to be relatively stable. However, with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, circumstances have become anything but normal and predictable, thus putting employees’ sense of occupational calling to the test. In this study, we investigate the possibility that occupational calling fluctuates across days during situations of crisis, and we identify antecedents and consequence of such fluctuations. To test our model, we conducted a daily diary study of 66 nurses working in intensive care units over 5 consecutive work days in a specialized Wuhan hospital that only admitted confirmed COVID-19 patients during the peak of the pandemic in China. We found that the daily number of code blue events (i.e., cardiopulmonary resuscitation efforts with the primary goal of patient revival) was positively related to daily occupational calling for nurses. Moreover, individual differences in prosocial motivation predicted the average level and variability of occupational calling over the 5 days, which subsequently related to the nurses’ job performance. Our study sheds light on how occupational calling enables people with the needed occupational knowledge and skills to function effectively in crisis situations.

论文原文：Zhu,Y. , Chen, T. , Wang, J. , Wang, M. , & Jin, Y. . (2021). How critical activities within COVID-19 intensive care units increase nurses' daily occupational calling. Journal of Applied Psychology, 106(1): 4-14.DOI: 10.1037/apl0000853