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美国中文网
2024.8.8
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秦 枫 秦小康
【摘要】婴儿胆道闭锁是一种肝内外胆管出现阻塞,并可导致淤胆性肝硬化最终发生肝功能衰竭,大多数病人将在一年内因为肝功能衰竭而死[1]。病因尚未完全明确,治疗方法上仍存在很大的争议[2],病死率极高。作者采用秦枫扩管散治愈一例并对病因进行了探讨认为本病系由胎儿期胆道发育不良出生后营养缺乏不能继续发育所致。
[关键词] 胆道闭锁;黄疸;全身瘙痒;白陶土色糞便;中医学;
引言:.婴儿胆道闭锁是一种肝内外胆管出现阻塞,并可导致淤胆性肝硬化最终发生肝功能衰竭,大多数病人将在一年内因为肝功能衰竭而死[1]。目前在病因和治疗方面尚未取得共识。作者采用秦秦泉散治愈一例供参考。
病例资料:刘莉婷,女,年龄9个月21天,中国陕西省洛川县土基村,.2013-05-27 14:00初诊
主诉: 黄疸、全身瘙痒、白陶土色糞便,咳嗽,病危5日初诊。
病史:4个多月前发现尿色深黄,10多日来皮肤、巩膜发黄,全身瘙痒以头面部为甚,尿布黄染,糞便逐渐变为白陶土色且伴有粘液或偶成淡黄色。两个多月前出现顽固性咳嗽夜间为甚持续至今。食母乳喂养,拒绝添加饮食,发病一来经多次诊治疾病情逐渐加重,数日前在某省市医院住院治疗“诊断1胆道梗阻 2营养性贫血 病危出院”。患儿父母代诉。
实验室检查:肝功能检查:谷氨酰转酞酶(GGT)33~42 ~43U/L、谷丙转氨酶(ALT) 23~36~31 U/L、谷草转氨酶(AST) 82~105~90 U/L、间接胆红素(IBIL) 57.81~123.0~121 μmol/L、alkaline phosphatase硷性磷酸酶(ALP)417~401 ~363U/L、直接胆红素(D-BI)2.1.65~245.1~250 µmol/L、总胆红素(TBIL)289.46~368.1~371.8 µmol/L、总胆质酸(TBV-R)340.6μmol/L、总疸酸(TBA)521.6μmol/L,肝五项及宫内感染系列回报阴性,凝血项回报大致正常,甲状腺功能检查回报正常,肾功、电解质、心肌酶回报大致正常,甲胎蛋白回报示:25.25ng/ml稍增高,(-)输血前检查回报阴性,甲型肝炎病毒抗原(HAV)抗体回报阴性,血氨大致正常,血HCMV-DNA(人类巨细胞病毒回报阴性, 99mTc-EHIDAinspection report检查报告:静脉注射99mTc-EHIDA 1cm,分钟未见肝脏显影;肾盂、膀胱显影清晰;30分钟时肝脏未见放射性分布,双肾及膀胱放射性高度浓聚,左右肝管、肝总管、r胆囊、胆总管未见显影;3小时及24小时始终未见显影,肠道未见放射性分布。诊断意见:肝脏动态显像肝脏未显影,多由于血清胆红素过高所致,建议系统治疗后随访。(以上实验室检查资料来自患儿2013年5月14日至5月25日门诊住院的验室检查资料的总合而成)
足月顺产,一兄健在,父母及和他家属无肝炎及遗传疾病等病史。
治疗过程:
1.秦泉散10d量分为20包每日二包口服。服法:每包药水煎30min,用纱布滤浄渣可制得药汁20~30ml分4~5次服下;
2. 维生素B12 片 叶酸片 复方肝浸羔片 各100片 各2#bid,治疗营养性贫血。因为患者儿拒绝饮食药物由其母代服,一月后停药。
疗效观察:2013-05-28开始服药,2013-06-07两日后黄疸开始消退,2013-07-02糞粘液样物消失,2013-7-19黄疸全部消退,蚤痒大减,已能进食少量流质饮食,偶有一次大便色转黄,2013-08-21:现已周岁。大便色黄成形已10多天,仍然只能进食少量流质饮食。013-10-10:蚤痒消失、咳嗽全愈,精神活泼,普通饮食,尿清长,糞条状、色澤如成人糞色日1 次,面色白润,舌淡无苔,生长发育较前明显加快。2013-12-09除生长发育捎落后于同龄儿外,其它的一切正常。继续康复治疗
讨论:
婴儿胆道闭锁是一种肝内外胆管出现阻塞,并可导致淤胆性肝硬化最终发生肝功能衰竭,是小儿外科领域中最重要的消化外科疾病之一,也是小儿肝移植中最常见的适应证,治疗多采取外科手术疗法但是效果甚差死亡率高。本例病情凶险,治疗棘手,生命垂危,我们采用秦泉散治疗六个半月临床治愈,无后遗症。
本病在病因方面有先天性发育不良学说、血运障碍学说、病毒学说、炎症学说、胰胆管连接畸形学说、胆汁酸代谢异常学说和免疫学说等等。病因是一元论,还是多元论至今尚无定论。近年大量的观察和研究已怀疑胆道闭锁不是一种先天发育畸形而是在出生前后不久出现的一种疾病 [3]。本例患儿父母及全部家属均无肝炎和人类巨细胞病毒等感染性疾病和个人病史,乙肝五项及宫内感染系列阴性,甲型肝炎病毒抗体阴性,人类巨细胞病毒检验阴性等可以排除了感染因素也无先天发育畸形的证据。
从中医学理论看患儿出生后4、5个不能自动添加普食,可见其消化系先天不足,致使出生之后不能随着生长发育的需要自动增加饮食,九个月龄仍以母乳为生,营养不足致使胆管不能发育而阻塞闭锁。秦泉散由30多味中药组成其中,西洋参、白术、茯苓、黄芪健脾益气、当归、白芍、川芎、生地养血活血促使消化系统正常发育;龟板、玳瑁、贝母、软坚清心疗肺治咳嗽,桂枝、柴胡、重楼、路路通、鲜车前草、鲜王不留、茵陈调和营卫通利三焦以消疸除痒。各药共同组成补充出生前消化系统的发育不良,有增加营养使促进出生后营养跟上快速生长发育的需要,更加消除高胆红素的作用,而临床治愈。也支持“胆道闭锁不是一种先天发育畸形而是在出生前后不久出现的一种疾病[3]。
参考文献
1.董蒨,苏南编辑 先天性胆道闭锁 百度百科 互联网
2. 肖作源 等 婴儿胆道阻塞11例内科治疗 百度文库 互联网
3. 搜狐母婴百科 先天性胆道闭锁 互联网
Traditional Chinese medicine to cured infant biliary atresia in 1 cases
Qin Maple Qin Xiaokang
Traditional Chinese medicine to cured infant biliary atresia in 1 cases
Qin Maple,Qin Xiaokang
Abstract baby biliary atresia is a liver, bile duct Obstructive Disease.Can lead Cholestatic cirrhosis of liver,Eventually liver failure,The majority of patients because of liver failure while death within a year.Cause has not yet entirely clear, there are still a lot of controversy on the treatment], High mortality rate.Authors used Qin quan powder cure a case, and the cause was discussed. The author believes the disease is Since biliary biliary Hypoplasia fetal and postnatal nutritional deficiencies caused by failure to continue to develop
[Key words] icterus;The whole body itch;Defecate white clay color;infant biliary atresia; Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)
Case data: Ma Li Ting,female baby, age the nine months twenty-one days, Luochuan County, Shaanxi Province, China, 2013-05-27 14:00. Request treatment.
Chief complaint: The deep jaundice, white feces,whole body itch, cough and dysphoria,The be critically ill five day,Request treatment.
Medical history: Deep yellow color of urine in front of the four months found. more than Ten days since The skin sclera become yellow and diaper yellow, The stool becomes white clay color and accompanied by mucus or aleatory pale yellow. The whole body itch,the head and face more itch how. The Two months ago, the emergence of intractable cough, at night more. Breast feeding, refused to add the diet. Since to the onset,By Many times Diagnosis and treatmen,disease Gradually aggravate. A few days ago in a provincial hospital inpatient treatment "diagnosis: 1 biliary obstruction;2 nutritional anemia".。Leave hospital is the two day, jaundice rapidly deepened, The whole body itch, dysphoria: disease is increasing rapidly。The medical history was provided by parents of the sick child
Laboratory check:Liver Function check: gamma-glutamyl transferase γ-(GGT)33~42 ~43U/L,alanine transaminase (ALT)23~36~31 U/L,Aspertate aminotransferase(AST) 82~105~90 U/L, Indirect bilirubin (IBIL)57.81~123.0~121μmol/L,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)417~401 ~363U/L,Direct bilirubin (D-BIL)2.1.65~245.1~250 µmol/L, total bilirubin(TBIL)289.46~368.1~371.8 µmol/L and total biliary acid(TBA)521.6μmol/L;
The Hepatitis B five,intrauterine infection series return negative,Blood clotting returns Roughly normal,Thyroid function tests normal to returned, Renal function, electrolytes, myocardial enzymes were to Roughly normal,A fetal protein Return 25.25ng/ml, showed slightly higher, the before transfusion examination was negative (-),Hepatitis A virus antigen (HAV) antibody negative return, Blood ammonia is Roughly normal and the test blood HCMV-DNA returns do were negative.
99mTc-EHIDAinspection report:99mTc-EHID Check see: 99mTc-EHID 1millicurie Intravenous injection, Immediate abdominal collection, Blood perfusion phase was 1 /2 seconds, a total of 30 seconds; The dynamic phase of the liver and gallbladder is 1 /2 minutes, and a total of 30 minutes. 3 hours, 6 hours and 24 hours after injection, respectively, were collected, the results are as follows, 3-5 minutes of liver without Show shadow; pyelo and bladder were clearly;30 minutes when the liver was not radioactive distribution, double kidney and bladder radioactive highly concentrated, of Left and right hepatic duct, liver duct, Gallbladder,Common bile duct, been without Show shadow. 3 hours and 24 hours, of liver without Show shadow; No radioactive distribution in the intestine:Diagnostic opinion: Liver and gallbladder dynamic imaging, of liver without Show shadow. due to high levels of serum bilirubin. suggestion system treatment later follow-up to.
full-term pregnancy. A brother in good health. Parents and other family members do not have a hepatitis disease, nor had a history of infectious and genetic diseases,
Treatment process:
1 Qin Quan powder, takes orally. Daily dose: 10 grams of powder. how to take medicine: powder 10 grams and water 30ml mixing uniform, slow fire simmer 15 minutes with gauze filter can be prepared medicine juice 15 ~ 20ml, take orally 4- 5 second / day..
2 vitamin B12 fifty mg, folic ten mg, compound liver extract 2 tablets, two times a day. By its mother Orally administered. After January, stop drug.
Observation curative effect:
2013-05-28 start medication, to 2013-12-09 Watch Efficacy the medication, except for growth to lag behind children of the same age, everything else is normal. Continued Treatmentto to 2014-8-13 cure, no Sequela. Follow -up to 2016-1-11 growth and development of good
[Abstract] Biliary atresia in infants, is a kind of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct blocking, and can cause cholestatic cirrhosis, the final failure of liver function, 1 years most of the patients died due to liver failure. The etiology is not completely clear, controversy still exists on the treatment method, the high mortality rate. The author uses the "Qin Quan San" cure in 1 cases. The author thinks that this disease is by fetal biliary dysplasia and lack of nutrition after birth which cannot continue development caused by biliary tract.
[Key words] icterus;The whole body itch;Defecate white clay color; Biliary Atresia in infants,; Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM);